In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) and Early Pregnancy Outcomes After Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccination

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) and Early Pregnancy Outcomes After Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccination by iBaby

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccination is associated with controlled ovarian hyperstimulation or early pregnancy outcomes.

METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent controlled ovarian hyperstimulation or single euploid frozen-thawed embryo transfer at a single academic center. Patients fully vaccinated with a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine were compared with unvaccinated patients who cycled during the same time period. The primary outcome was the fertilization rate for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and the clinical pregnancy rate for frozen-thawed embryo transfer. Secondary outcomes for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation included eggs retrieved, mature oocytes retrieved, mature oocytes ratio, blastulation rate, and euploid rate. Secondary outcomes for frozen-thawed embryo transfer included pregnancy rate, ongoing pregnancy rate, biochemical pregnancy loss rate, and clinical pregnancy loss rate.

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) and Early Pregnancy Outcomes After Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccination

RESULTS: Among 222 vaccinated patients and 983 unvaccinated patients who underwent controlled ovarian hyperstimulation cycles between February and September 2021, there was no association on adjusted analysis between COVID-19 vaccination and fertilization rate (β=0.02±0.02, P=.20) or any of the secondary outcomes assessed: eggs retrieved (β=0.01±0.57, P=.99), mature oocytes retrieved (β=0.26±0.47, P=.58), mature oocytes ratio (β=0.02±0.01, P=.12), blastulation rate (β=0.02±0.02, P=.27), or euploid rate (β=0.05±0.03, P=.08) (Table 1). 

Table 1. Baseline Demographics, Cycle Characteristics, and Pregnancy Outcomes Among Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Patients Undergoing Single Euploid Frozen Embryo Transfer.

Table 2.

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) and Early Pregnancy Outcomes After Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccination

Among 214 vaccinated patients and 733 unvaccinated patients undergoing single euploid frozen-thawed embryo transfer, adjusted analysis demonstrated no significant association between vaccination and clinical pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.79, 95% CI 0.54–1.16) or any of the secondary outcomes: pregnancy (aOR 0.88, 95% CI 0.58–1.33), ongoing pregnancy (aOR 0.90, 95% CI 0.61–1.31), biochemical pregnancy loss (aOR 1.21, 95% CI 0.69–2.14), or clinical pregnancy loss (aOR 1.02, 95% CI 0.51–2.06) (Figure 1).

Figure. 1. Single euploid frozen-thawed embryo transfer outcomes between fully vaccinated and unvaccinated patients. 

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) and Early Pregnancy Outcomes After Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccination

CONCLUSION: The administration of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines was not associated with oocyte or embryo development, implantation, or early pregnancy loss in patients undergoing IVF in our study. These findings provide additional reassuring data that COVID-19 vaccination does not adversely affect fertility or early pregnancy outcomes and contribute to the growing body of evidence that the risk-to-benefit ratio supports vaccination in women who are pregnant or trying to conceive.

REFERENCES

Aharon, Devora MD; Lederman, Matthew MD; Ghofranian, Atoosa MD; Hernandez-Nieto, Carlos MD; Canon, Chelsea MD; Hanley, William BA; Gounko, Dmitry MA; Lee, Joseph A. BA; Stein, Daniel MD; Buyuk, Erkan MD; Copperman, Alan B. MD In Vitro Fertilization and Early Pregnancy Outcomes After Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccination, Obstetrics & Gynecology: January 25, 2022 – Volume – Issue – 10.1097

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